Transfiguration: Experience of God in Jesus
Mountains are seen as locations of God-experience in many traditional cultures, and in many of the world religions. It is not by chance then that one of the classical works of St John of the Cross is called, The Ascent of Mount Carmel (1579); and more recently, Thomas Merton entitles his autobiography as, The Seven-Storey Mountain (1948).
The narration from Matthew describing the transfiguration clearly has three parts:
- Going up the mountain
- The moment of grace (experience of God in Jesus) on top of the mountain
- Coming down the mountain with the fruits of that experience
Let us reflect on these three aspects of the gospel story and see what they could mean for us today:
Going up the mountain: the stage of preparation
What does the gospel text of today tell us about going up the mountain, more precisely, about our desire for the experience of God in prayer? At least three things become clear to me: Firstly, it is Jesus who “took with him Peter and James and his brother John went up a high mountain where they be alone.” It is God himself who enables us to pray. Just as it was God who invited Abram to enter into a covenant with Him, as we heard in the first reading of today (Gen 12:1-4), just like, it was God who invited Moses to the mountain (Ex 24:12-18; 34:2), just as it was God who invited Elijah to the mountain (1Kings 19:11-13), it is God who invites us to enter into a relationship with Him in prayer. Secondly, in contrast to the Old Testament accounts of the encounter of God with individuals like Abram, Moses and Elijah, in the New Testament, Jesus takes three of his apostles with him. There is a community on top of the mountain. Even if God invites us personally to encounter him, this is often unfolded in the context of the community. And thirdly, it is up to us to respond to the invitation of God. Peter and John and James respond to the invitation of Jesus to go up the mountain.
On the mountain-top: an experience of the uniqueness of Jesus
On top of the mountain the three disciples are privileged to witness a theophany despite their own inability to be present to God. Other Gospels tell us, “Peter and his companions were heavy with sleep…” (Lk 9:32). They see Jesus in the company of two great men in the history of Israel: Moses and Elijah. Moses stands for the Law and Elijah for the Prophets, thus showing that Jesus is the fulfilment of the Old Testament. Matthew tells us that “they were talking with him” (Mt 17: 3), he says nothing about the subject of their conversation. Whereas Luke would tell us that they were discussing “his passing which he was to accomplish in Jerusalem” (Lk 19:31). This ‘passing’, or as in some other translations, the ‘departure’ of Jesus could refer to his being taken up to heaven, because Moses and Elijah were taken up to heaven. It could also refer to the ‘passover’ – which would be associated with the paschal mystery of the crucifixion and death of Jesus.
Initially Peter is all taken up by the appearance of Jesus as the superstar. “Lord,” he said, “it is wonderful for us to be here; if you want me to, I will make three shelters here, one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah” (Mt 17:4). He equates Jesus to Moses and Elijah. What follows then is a clearer demonstration of who Jesus really is: “a bright cloud came and covered them with shadow” (v.5); from the tradition of the book of Exodus, ‘cloud’ is a powerful symbol of the presence of God (Ex 13:21-22). As if this was not enough, “suddenly from the cloud there came a voice which said, ‘This is my Son, the Beloved; he enjoys my favour. Listen to him’” (v.5)! This was for the disciples an experience of God in the person of Jesus. The reaction of the apostles to this theophany is “fear” (awe) and a total prostration: “the disciples fell on their faces” (Mt 17:6). This is similar to the reaction of the Magi at the sight of the baby Jesus: “they saw the child with his mother Mary, and falling to their knees they did him homage” (Mt 2:11).
Going up the mountain is our choice of will, in responding to the invitation of God. But what actually happens on the mountain-top is the Grace of God. It is not up to us to control it. The specific experience of God may be transient. We are not able to hold on to it. We are not able to pitch our tents on the mountain-top. But its after-effect is what we carry forward to our daily encounters.
Coming down the mountain: contemplating and reaching out
How does this happen? Firstly, through silence and contemplation. The Gospels tell us: “As they came down from the mountain Jesus gave them this order, ‘Tell no one about this vision until the Son of man has risen from the dead’” (Mt 17:9). The disciples are invited to continue to process in silence what they witness. God-experience invites us to silence and contemplation, so that the effects of the experience could be deepened, at least until the right time.
Secondly, this silence is not necessarily a permanent isolation from the world. It is also something that is carried forward to the marketplace, to our daily life, to our homes, to the place of work and study. This is the significance of coming down the mountain.
The feast of today, thus, captures the essence of Christian life.
For a longer version of this sermon: CLICK HERE
For another sermon on Transfiguration: CLICK HERE
Sahaya G. Selvam, sdb